Healthshots

By Radhika Bhirani

Published July 23, 2024

What Is Chandipura Virus?

Chandipura virus, also known as Chandipura vesiculovirus (CHPV), is a pathogen transmitted by sandflies, causing acute encephalitis predominantly in children.

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Discovered in India in 1965, CHPV is named after the town Chandipura in Maharashtra, where the first cases were identified.

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Origins

CHPV spreads primarily through sandfly bites or vectors like mosquitoes and ticks. It is prevalent in rural areas with high sandfly populations.

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Transmission

Children under 15 are most at risk, with outbreaks generally occurring mostly during monsoon or post-monsoon seasons.

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Affected Population

Initial symptoms include high fever, headaches, and vomiting, resembling common viral infections. Severe cases progress rapidly to encephalitis, causing seizures, altered mental status, and sometimes coma.

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Symptoms

Laboratory tests, including PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and serological assays, are used to confirm CHPV infection, especially during outbreaks. Otherwise, it is not routinely a part of encephalitis screenings.

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Diagnosis

No specific antiviral treatment exists to cure a person with Chandipura virus. Timely supportive care, such as managing fever and hydration, is crucial.

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Treatment

Severe cases require hospitalization for intensive care and monitoring to manage neurological complications.

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Hospitalization

Preventive measures include reducing sandfly exposure through insect repellent, bed nets, wearing of full-sleeved clothes, environmental control and reduced outdoor exposure during outbreaks.

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Prevention

As of now, no specific vaccine is available to prevent the Chandipura virus.

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Is There A Vaccine?

Raising awareness in affected regions about prevention and early symptoms can help control the spread of CHPV.

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Be Aware!